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The exact relationship between the Emishi and Ainu however remains disputed; they may either share a common "pre-Ainu" ancestor or Emishi tribes are ancestral to the later Ainu via the Satsumon culture. [1] [2] [20] Both Emishi and Ainu were historically referred to as 'Ezo', with this name written using the same kanji characters [clarification ...
From the mid-Heian period onward, Emishi who did not fall under the governance of the Yamato Kingship were singled out as northern Emishi. They began to be referred to as "Ezo" (Emishi). The first written reference to "Ezo", which is thought to be Ainu, can be found in Suwa Daimyōjin Ekotoba, which was written in 1356. Indeed, Ainu have lived ...
Jōmon people (縄文 人, Jōmon jin) is the generic name of the indigenous hunter-gatherer population that lived in the Japanese archipelago during the Jōmon period (c. 14,000 to 300 BC). They were united through a common Jōmon culture, which reached a considerable degree of sedentism and cultural complexity. The Jōmon people are ...
Ezo (蝦夷) (also spelled Yezo or Yeso) [1] is the Japanese term historically used to refer to the people and the lands to the northeast of the Japanese island of Honshu. [2] This included the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido, [3][4][5][6] which changed its name from "Ezo" to "Hokkaidō" in 1869, [7] and sometimes included Sakhalin and the ...
The Matsumae Domain (松前藩), a prominent domain during the Edo period, was situated in Matsumae, Matsumae Island (Ishijima), which is currently known as Matsumae Town, Matsumae District, Hokkaido, via Tsugaru District, Oshima Province. The clan's leader, also known as the lord of the domain, constructed Matsumae Fukuyama Castle in the same ...
Satsumon culture. The Satsumon culture (擦文文化, Satsumon Bunka, lit. "brushed pattern") is a partially agricultural, archeological culture of northern Honshu and southern Hokkaido (700–1200 CE) that has been identified as Emishi, as a Japanese -Emishi mixed culture, as the incipient modern Ainu, or with all three synonymously. [1]
The term "Ainu culture" has two meanings. One is an anthropological perspective, referring to the cultural forms held by the Ainu people as an ethnic group, which includes both the culture held or created by the modern Ainu and the culture of their ancestors. The other usage, from an archeological perspective, refers to the cultural forms ...
The Ryukyuan people (also Lewchewan) are an indigenous people native to the Ryukyu Islands. There are different subgroups of the Ryukyuan ethnic group, the Okinawan, Amami, Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni peoples. Their languages comprise the Ryukyuan languages, [13] one of the two branches of the Japonic language family (the other being Japanese ...