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Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. In biological taxonomy, a domain ( / dəˈmeɪn / or / doʊˈmeɪn /) ( Latin: regio [1] ), also dominion, [2] superkingdom, realm, or empire, is the highest taxonomic rank of all organisms taken together. It was introduced in the three-domain system of taxonomy devised by Carl Woese, Otto Kandler and ...
Accident (philosophy) An accident ( Greek συμβεβηκός ), in metaphysics and philosophy, is a property that the entity or substance has contingently, without which the substance can still retain its identity. An accident does not affect its essence, according to many philosophers. [1] It does not mean an "accident" as used in common ...
Organicism. Organicism is the philosophical position that states that the universe and its various parts (including human societies) ought to be considered alive and naturally ordered, much like a living organism. [1] [2] Vital to the position is the idea that organicistic elements are not dormant "things" per se but rather dynamic components ...
Poiesis. In continental philosophy and semiotics, poiesis ( / pɔɪˈiːsɪs /; from Ancient Greek: ποίησις) is the process of emergence of something that did not previously exist. [1] Forms of poiesis—including autopoiesis, the process of sustenance through the emergence of sustaining parts—are considered in philosophy and semiotics ...
Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, "the unborn, embryo "; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of animal biology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses. Additionally, embryology encompasses the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth ...
Holism is the interdisciplinary idea that systems possess properties as wholes apart from the properties of their component parts. [1] [2] [3] The aphorism "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts", typically attributed to Aristotle, is often given as a glib summary of this proposal. [4] The concept of holism can inform the methodology ...
Spontaneous generation is a superseded scientific theory that held that living creatures could arise from nonliving matter and that such processes were commonplace and regular. It was hypothesized that certain forms, such as fleas, could arise from inanimate matter such as dust, or that maggots could arise from dead flesh.
Adaptation is a major topic in the philosophy of biology, as it concerns function and purpose . Some biologists try to avoid terms which imply purpose in adaptation, not least because it suggests a deity's intentions, but others note that adaptation is necessarily purposeful.