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A command-line interface (CLI) is a means of interacting with a computer program by inputting lines of text called command-lines. Learn about the history, types, and comparison of CLIs with graphical user interfaces (GUIs).
Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol that provides remote login and command-line execution over an unsecured network. It uses public-key cryptography to authenticate the remote computer and the user, and supports tunneling, port forwarding, and file transfer.
iptables is a user-space program that configures the IP packet filter rules of the Linux kernel firewall, implemented as different Netfilter modules. It allows the system administrator to define tables, chains, rules, matches, targets, and extensions for network traffic processing.
This web page lists the utilities specified by POSIX, a standard for Unix-like operating systems. It includes the description and history of each utility, such as mkdir, which creates directories.
Learn about the basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. See the list of commands, their names, descriptions and examples.
Learn how to use the route command to view and modify the IP routing table in Unix-like, Windows, OS/2 and ReactOS systems. See the syntax, parameters and examples of the command for different operating systems and platforms.
Netfilter is a set of hooks and modules that allow various networking operations to be implemented in the Linux kernel. It provides functions for packet filtering, network address translation, and port translation, and is used by tools such as iptables, ip6tables, nftables, and more.
Learn what a shell is in computing, how it exposes an operating system's services to a user or other programs, and how it can be command-line or graphical. Explore the history of shells from Multics to Unix to Windows, and the features and examples of different shells.