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In common usage, climate change describes global warming —the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to Earth's climate.
Causes of climate change. Drivers of climate change from 1850–1900 to 2010–2019. There was no significant contribution from internal variability or solar and volcanic drivers. The scientific community has been investigating the causes of climate change for decades. After thousands of studies, it came to a consensus, where it is "unequivocal ...
As the climate changes it impacts the natural environment with effects such as more intense forest fires, thawing permafrost, and desertification. These changes impact ecosystems and societies, and can become irreversible once tipping points are crossed. The effects of climate change vary in timing and location.
Terminology. Climate variability is the term to describe variations in the mean state and other characteristics of climate (such as chances or possibility of extreme weather, etc.) "on all spatial and temporal scales beyond that of individual weather events."
In the context of climate change, the word crisis is used to denote "a crucial or decisive point or situation that could lead to a tipping point". [5] It is a situation with an "unprecedented circumstance". [5] A similar definition states in this context, crisis means "a turning point or a condition of instability or danger" and implies "action ...
Climate change increased temperature, reduced the amount of precipitation, decreased snowpack and increased the ability of air to soak humidity, helping to create arid conditions. As of 2021 the drought was the most severe in the last 500 years. [61] As of 30 June 2021 61% of continental USA were in drought conditions.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC) is an intergovernmental body of the United Nations. Its job is to advance scientific knowledge about climate change caused by human activities. [1] The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) set up the IPCC in 1988.
Climate change scenario. A climate change scenario is a hypothetical future based on a "set of key driving forces". [1] : 1812 Scenarios explore the long-term effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation. [2] Scenarios help to understand what the future may hold.
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