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In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system ( DBMS ), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS additionally encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the ...
A document-oriented database is a specialized key-value store, which itself is another NoSQL database category. In a simple key-value store, the document content is opaque. A document-oriented database provides APIs or a query/update language that exposes the ability to query or update based on the internal structure in the document. This ...
A relational database ( RDB [1]) is a database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970. [2] A database management system used to maintain relational databases is a relational database management system ( RDBMS ). Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query ...
Column-oriented DBMS. A column-oriented DBMS or columnar DBMS is a database management system (DBMS) that stores data tables by column rather than by row. Benefits include more efficient access to data when only querying a subset of columns (by eliminating the need to read columns that are not relevant), and more options for data compression.
Database model. A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a database. It fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model, which uses a table-based format.
Database normalization. Database normalization is the process of structuring a relational database in accordance with a series of so-called normal forms in order to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity. It was first proposed by British computer scientist Edgar F. Codd as part of his relational model .
Structured Query Language ( SQL) ( pronounced S-Q-L; historically "sequel") [4] [5] is a domain-specific language used to manage data, especially in a relational database management system (RDBMS). It is particularly useful in handling structured data, i.e., data incorporating relations among entities and variables.
Graph database. A graph database ( GDB) is a database that uses graph structures for semantic queries with nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. [1] A key concept of the system is the graph (or edge or relationship ). The graph relates the data items in the store to a collection of nodes and edges, the edges representing the ...