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The stream order or waterbody order is a positive whole number used in geomorphology and hydrology to indicate the level of branching in a river system.. There are various approaches [1] to the topological ordering of rivers or sections of rivers based on their distance from the source ("top down" [2]) or from the confluence (the point where two rivers merge) or river mouth ("bottom up" [3 ...
Recurring (intermittent) streams have water in the channel for at least part of the year. A stream of the first order is a stream which does not have any other recurring or perennial stream feeding into it. When two first-order streams come together, they form a second-order stream. When two second-order streams come together, they form a third ...
Strahler number. In mathematics, the Strahler number or Horton–Strahler number of a mathematical tree is a numerical measure of its branching complexity. These numbers were first developed in hydrology, as a way of measuring the complexity of rivers and streams, by Robert E. Horton (1945) and Arthur Newell Strahler (1952, 1957).
The River Continuum Concept (RCC) is a model for classifying and describing flowing water, in addition to the classification of individual sections of waters after the occurrence of indicator organisms. [1] The theory is based on the concept of dynamic equilibrium in which streamforms balance between physical parameters, such as width, depth ...
Streamflow, or channel runoff, is the flow of water in streams and other channels, and is a major element of the water cycle. It is one runoff component, the movement of water from the land to waterbodies, the other component being surface runoff. Water flowing in channels comes from surface runoff from adjacent hillslopes, from groundwater ...
Tributary. Nam Khan flows into the Mekong at Luang Prabang in Laos. A tributary, [1] or an affluent, [2] is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream (main stem or "parent"), river, or a lake. [3] A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. [4] Tributaries, and the main stem river into which they flow, drain the surrounding ...
A river is a natural flow of freshwater that flows on or through land towards another body of water downhill. [1] This flow can be into a lake, an ocean, or another river. [1] A stream refers to water that flows in a natural channel, a geographic feature that can contain flowing water. [2] A stream may also be referred to as a watercourse. [2]
Main stem. In hydrology, a main stem or mainstem (also known as a trunk) is "the primary downstream segment of a river, as contrasted to its tributaries ". [1][2] The mainstem extends all the way from one specific headwater to the outlet of the river, although there are multiple ways to determine which headwater (or first-order tributary) is ...