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  2. J. J. Thomson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._J._Thomson

    The cathode ray tube by which J. J. Thomson demonstrated that cathode rays could be deflected by a magnetic field, and that their negative charge was not a separate phenomenon While supporters of the aetherial theory accepted the possibility that negatively charged particles are produced in Crookes tubes , [ citation needed ] they believed that ...

  3. Cathode-ray tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathode-ray_tube

    A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, which emit electron beams that are manipulated to display images on a phosphorescent screen. The images may represent electrical waveforms on an oscilloscope , a frame of video on an analog television set (TV), digital raster graphics on a computer monitor , or ...

  4. Cathode ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathode_ray

    Cathode ray. A beam of cathode rays in a vacuum tube bent into a circle by a magnetic field generated by a Helmholtz coil. Cathode rays are normally invisible; in this demonstration Teltron tube, enough gas has been left in the tube for the gas atoms to luminesce when struck by the fast-moving electrons. Cathode rays or electron beams ( e-beam ...

  5. Crookes tube - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crookes_tube

    The anode is the electrode at the bottom. A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) [1] is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes [2] and others around 1869-1875, [3] in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered. [4]

  6. Institute of Physics Joseph Thomson Medal and Prize

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Physics...

    The cathode ray tube by which J. J. Thomson demonstrated that cathode rays could be deflected by a magnetic field. The Thomson Medal and Prize is an award which has been made, originally only biennially in even-numbered years, since 2008 by the British Institute of Physics for "distinguished research in atomic (including quantum optics ) or ...

  7. History of mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mass_spectrometry

    Canal ray (anode ray) tube. In the mid-nineteenth century, Julius Plücker investigated the light emitted in discharge tubes and the influence of magnetic fields on the glow. Later, in 1869, Johann Wilhelm Hittorf studied discharge tubes with energy rays extending from a negative electrode, the cathode.

  8. Anode ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anode_ray

    An anode ray (also positive ray or canal ray) is a beam of positive ions that is created by certain types of gas-discharge tubes. They were first observed in Crookes tubes during experiments by the German scientist Eugen Goldstein, in 1886. [1] Later work on anode rays by Wilhelm Wien and J. J. Thomson led to the development of mass spectrometry .

  9. Mass-to-charge ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-to-charge_ratio

    Mass-to-charge ratio. Beam of electrons moving in a circle in a Teltron tube, due to the presence of a magnetic field. Purple light is emitted along the electron path, due to the electrons colliding with gas molecules in the bulb. Mass-to-charge ratio of the electron can be measured in this apparatus by comparing the radius of the purple circle ...

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