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In mathematics, a cube root of a number x is a number y such that y3 = x. All nonzero real numbers have exactly one real cube root and a pair of complex conjugate cube roots, and all nonzero complex numbers have three distinct complex cube roots. For example, the real cube root of 8, denoted , is 2, because 23 = 8, while the other cube roots of ...
The twelfth root of two or (or equivalently ) is an algebraic irrational number, approximately equal to 1.0594631. It is most important in Western music theory, where it represents the frequency ratio ( musical interval) of a semitone ( Play ⓘ) in twelve-tone equal temperament. This number was proposed for the first time in relationship to ...
Definition. A splitting field of a polynomial p ( X) over a field K is a field extension L of K over which p factors into linear factors. where and for each we have with ai not necessarily distinct and such that the roots ai generate L over K. The extension L is then an extension of minimal degree over K in which p splits.
The other roots of the equation are obtained either by changing of cube root or, equivalently, by multiplying the cube root by a primitive cube root of unity, that is . This formula for the roots is always correct except when p = q = 0 , with the proviso that if p = 0 , the square root is chosen so that C ≠ 0 .
12-tone equal temperament chromatic scale on C, one full octave ascending, notated only with sharps. Play ascending and descending ⓘ. 12 equal temperament (12-ET) is the musical system that divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equally tempered (equally spaced) on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 (12 √ 2 ≈ 1.05946).
Halley's method. In numerical analysis, Halley's method is a root-finding algorithm used for functions of one real variable with a continuous second derivative. Edmond Halley was an English mathematician and astronomer who introduced the method now called by his name. The algorithm is second in the class of Householder's methods, after Newton's ...
The cube function is the function x ↦ x 3 (often denoted y = x 3) that maps a number to its cube. It is an odd function, as (−n) 3 = −(n 3). The volume of a geometric cube is the cube of its side length, giving rise to the name. The inverse operation that consists of finding a number whose cube is n is called extracting the cube root of n ...
Since c ≠ 1, it must be a perfect cube. The cube root of c , obtained by replacing x 3 by x is x 2 + 1 , and calling the square-free procedure recursively determines that it is square-free. Therefore, cubing it and combining it with the value of R to that point gives the square-free decomposition