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Shortness of breath (SOB), also medically known as dyspnea (in AmE) or dyspnoea (in BrE), is an uncomfortable feeling of not being able to breathe well enough. The American Thoracic Society defines it as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity", and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of its ...
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea ( PND) is an attack of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occurs at night. [1] It usually awakens the person from sleep, and may be quite frightening. [2] PND, as well as simple orthopnea, may be relieved by sitting upright at the side of the bed with legs ...
Acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. [1] Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). [1] For those who survive, a decreased quality of life is common.
Orthopnea or orthopnoea is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat, causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair. It is commonly seen as a late manifestation of heart failure, resulting from fluid redistribution into the central circulation, causing an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and causing difficulty in breathing.
An acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis ( AECB ), is a sudden worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms including shortness of breath, quantity and color of phlegm that typically lasts for several days. It may be triggered by an infection with bacteria ...
3.2 million (2019) [3] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum production and/or exacerbations) due ...
Anginal equivalent. An anginal equivalent is a symptom such as shortness of breath ( dyspnea ), diaphoresis (sweating), extreme fatigue, or pain at a site other than the chest, occurring in a patient at high cardiac risk. Anginal equivalents are considered to be symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Anginal equivalents are considered to have the ...
Platypnea or platypnoea is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that is relieved when lying down, and worsens when sitting or standing upright. It is the opposite of orthopnea. [1] The condition was first described in 1949 and named in 1969. [2]