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A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. [1] [2] It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure applications. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes ...
Baffles are flow-directing or obstructing vanes or panels used to direct a flow of liquid or gas. It is used in some household stoves [1] and in some industrial process vessels (tanks), such as shell and tube heat exchangers, chemical reactors, and static mixers . Baffles are an integral part of the shell and tube heat exchanger design.
A shell and tube heat exchanger Shell and tube heat exchanger. Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a series of tubes which contain fluid that must be either heated or cooled. A second fluid runs over the tubes that are being heated or cooled so that it can either provide the heat or absorb the heat required.
The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (also known as TEMA) is an association of fabricators of shell and tube type heat exchangers. [1] TEMA has established and maintains a set of construction standards for heat exchangers, known as the TEMA Standard. [2] TEMA also produces software for evaluation of flow-induced vibration and of ...
A correction factor is also required for other more complex geometries, such as a shell and tube exchanger with baffles. Derivation. Assume heat transfer is occurring in a heat exchanger along an axis z, from generic coordinate A to B, between two fluids, identified as 1 and 2, whose temperatures along z are T 1 (z) and T 2 (z).
A surface condenser is a water-cooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. [1] [2] [3] These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. Where cooling water is in short supply, an air ...
Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a tube bundle which is placed inside the larger shell. Due to this design these exchanger require twice the footprint of the plate heat exchanger in order to perform maintenance. Depending on the amount of cooling needed, shell and tube heat exchangers can be built in single or double pass configuration.
Rising film evaporator. A rising film or vertical long tube evaporator is a type of evaporator that is essentially a vertical shell and tube heat exchanger. The liquid being evaporated is fed from the bottom into long tubes and heated with steam condensing on the outside of the tube from the shell side.