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Categorization is a type of cognition involving conceptual differentiation between characteristics of conscious experience, such as objects, events, or ideas.It involves the abstraction and differentiation of aspects of experience by sorting and distinguishing between groupings, through classification or typification on the basis of traits, features, similarities or other criteria that are ...
Linguistics. v. t. e. Prototype theory is a theory of categorization in cognitive science, particularly in psychology and cognitive linguistics, in which there is a graded degree of belonging to a conceptual category, and some members are more central than others. It emerged in 1971 with the work of psychologist Eleanor Rosch, and it has been ...
Self-categorization theory is a theory in social psychology that describes the circumstances under which a person will perceive collections of people (including themselves) as a group, as well as the consequences of perceiving people in group terms. [1] Although the theory is often introduced as an explanation of psychological group formation ...
Exemplar theory is a proposal concerning the way humans categorize objects and ideas in psychology. It argues that individuals make category judgments by comparing new stimuli with instances already stored in memory. The instance stored in memory is the "exemplar". The new stimulus is assigned to a category based on the greatest number of ...
Categorical perception. Categorical perception is a phenomenon of perception of distinct categories when there is gradual change in a variable along a continuum. It was originally observed for auditory stimuli but now found to be applicable to other perceptual modalities.
Classification scheme (information science) In information science and ontology, a classification scheme is the product of arranging things into kinds of things (classes) or into groups of classes; this bears similarity to categorization, but with perhaps a more theoretical bent, as classification can be applied over a wide semantic spectrum.
In social psychology, the continuum model of impression formation was created by Fiske and Neuberg. [1] According to this model of impression formation, impressions are formed when individuals automatically categorize others into social categories. Upon categorization, individuals' responses to others are usually based on the activated emotions ...
Linguistic categories. Linguistic categories include. Lexical category, a part of speech such as noun, preposition, etc. Syntactic category, a similar concept which can also include phrasal categories. Grammatical category, a grammatical feature such as tense, gender, etc. The definition of linguistic categories is a major concern of linguistic ...