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Descartes was a substance dualist, and argued that reality was composed of two radically different types of substance: extended matter, on the one hand, and immaterial mind, on the other. Descartes argued that one cannot explain the conscious mind in terms of the spatial dynamics of mechanistic bits of matter cannoning off each other.
Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain is a 1994 book by neuroscientist António Damásio describing the physiology of rational thought and decision, and how the faculties could have evolved through Darwinian natural selection. [1]
Relativism is a family of philosophical views which deny claims to objectivity within a particular domain and assert that valuations in that domain are relative to the perspective of an observer or the context in which they are assessed. [1]
Innatism and nativism are generally synonymous terms referring to the notion of preexisting ideas in the mind. However, more specifically, innatism refers to the philosophy of Descartes, who assumed that God or a similar being or process placed innate ideas and principles in the human mind. [1]
The Latin cogito, ergo sum, usually translated into English as "I think, therefore I am", [a] is the "first principle" of René Descartes's philosophy. He originally published it in French as je pense, donc je suis in his 1637 Discourse on the Method, so as to reach a wider audience than Latin would have allowed. [1]
Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing valid conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. [1] It is associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, religion, science, language, mathematics, and art, and is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability possessed by humans.
Moral philosopher. Jean Baudrillard (1929–2007). Postmodernism, Post-structuralism. Jürgen Habermas (born 1929). Discourse ethics. Jaakko Hintikka (1929–2015). Alasdair MacIntyre (born 1929). Aristotelian. Hubert Lederer Dreyfus (1929-2017) Allan Bloom (1930–1992). Political Philosopher. Pierre Bourdieu (1930–2002). French ...
The focus of his research has been early-modern philosophy (especially Descartes), the philosophy of religion and moral philosophy. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] He is a Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Reading , Professorial Research Fellow at Heythrop College, University of London, and Honorary Fellow of St John's College, Oxford .