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HSRP is a Cisco proprietary protocol for establishing a fault-tolerant default gateway in computer networking. It sends multicast messages to other routers to notify them of their priorities and status, and uses a virtual MAC address to respond to ARP or ND requests.
A default gateway is the node in a network that forwards packets to other networks when no other route matches the destination IP address. Learn how default gateways work, how to configure them, and see examples of single and multi-router networks.
A default route is a configuration of IP that establishes a forwarding rule for packets when no specific address of a next-hop host is available. The default route is often the address of another router, which is also called the default gateway.
EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary routing protocol that uses five metrics to calculate the best path to a destination: bandwidth, load, delay, reliability and MTU. EIGRP is a hybrid protocol that sends only incremental updates and supports load balancing, authentication and different PDMs.
A first hop redundancy protocol (FHRP) is a computer networking protocol that protects the default gateway or other services on a subnetwork by allowing backup routers to take over in case of failure. Learn about different types of FHRPs, such as HSRP, VRRP, CARP, and more.
GLBP (Gateway Load Balancing Protocol) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that adds load balancing functionality to redundant router protocols. It elects one AVG (Active Virtual Gateway) for each group and assigns virtual MAC addresses to each AVF (Active Virtual Forwarder).
VRRP is a networking protocol that provides automatic assignment of IP routers to hosts for reliability and availability. It creates virtual routers with primary/active and secondary/standby routers that act as default gateways for participating hosts.
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets. Learn about the history, types, methods and applications of NAT, and how it relates to IPv4 address exhaustion.