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The activin type 2 receptors belong to a larger TGF-beta receptor family and modulate signals for transforming growth factor beta ligands. These receptors are involved in a host of physiological processes including, growth, cell differentiation, homeostasis, osteogenesis, apoptosis and many other functions.
An Activin receptor is a receptor which binds activin. These proteins are receptor-type kinases of Ser/Thr type, which have a single transmembrane domain and a specific hydrophilic Cys-rich ligand-binding domain. [1][2][3] Types include: Activin type 1 receptors. Activin type 2 receptors.
Activin type 1 receptors: ACVR1, ACVR1B, ACVR1C; Activin type 2 receptors: ACVR2A, ACVR2B; Activin binds to the Type II receptor and initiates a cascade reaction that leads to the recruitment, phosphorylation, and activation of Type I activin receptor. This then interacts with and then phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, two of the cytoplasmic SMAD ...
Activin receptor type-2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACVR2B gene. [5] [6] [7] ACVR2B is an activin type 2 receptor. Function.
ACVR1. Activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ACVR1 gene; also known as ALK-2 (a ctivin receptor- l ike k inase-2). [5] ACVR1 has been linked to the 2q23-24 region of the genome. [6] This protein is important in the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) pathway which is responsible for the development and ...
There are seven type I receptors, termed the activin-like receptors (ALK1–7), five type II receptors, and one type III receptor, for a total of 13 TGFβ superfamily receptors. [2] [3] In the transduction pathway, ligand-bound type II receptors activate type I receptors by phosphorylation, which then autophosphorylate and bind SMAD. [4]
They bind to TGF-beta receptor type-2 (TGFBR2). Nodal binds to activin A receptor, type IIB ACVR2B. It can then either form a receptor complex with activin A receptor, type IB or with activin A receptor, type IC . [5] When the receptor-ligand binding occurs via local action, this is classified as paracrine signalling.
ACVR1B. Activin receptor type-1B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACVR1B gene. [5][6] ACVR1B or ALK-4 acts as a transducer of activin or activin-like ligands (e.g., inhibin) signals. Activin binds to either ACVR2A or ACVR2B and then forms a complex with ACVR1B.