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Dover. Publication date. 1976. Elementary Calculus: An Infinitesimal approach is a textbook by H. Jerome Keisler. The subtitle alludes to the infinitesimal numbers of the hyperreal number system of Abraham Robinson and is sometimes given as An approach using infinitesimals. The book is available freely online and is currently published by Dover.
The mathematical manuscripts of Karl Marx are a manuscript collection of Karl Marx 's mathematical notes where he attempted to derive the foundations of infinitesimal calculus from first principles. The notes that Marx took have been collected into four independent treatises: On the Concept of the Derived Function, On the Differential, On the ...
Institutiones calculi differentialis. Institutiones calculi differentialis ( Foundations of differential calculus) is a mathematical work written in 1748 by Leonhard Euler and published in 1755. It lays the groundwork for the differential calculus. It consists of a single volume containing two internal books; there are 9 chapters in book I, and ...
Calculus is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. Originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals ", it has two major branches, differential calculus and integral calculus.
Calculus Made Easy is a book on infinitesimal calculus originally published in 1910 by Silvanus P. Thompson. The original text continues to be available as of 2008 from Macmillan and Co., but a 1998 update by Martin Gardner is available from St. Martin's Press which provides an introduction; three preliminary chapters explaining functions ...
Calculus. The fundamental theorem of calculus is a theorem that links the concept of differentiating a function (calculating its slopes, or rate of change at each point in time) with the concept of integrating a function (calculating the area under its graph, or the cumulative effect of small contributions). Roughly speaking, the two operations ...
History of calculus. Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus, is a mathematical discipline focused on limits, continuity, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series. Many elements of calculus appeared in ancient Greece, then in China and the Middle East, and still later again in medieval Europe and in India.
t. e. The calculus of variations (or variational calculus) is a field of mathematical analysis that uses variations, which are small changes in functions and functionals, to find maxima and minima of functionals: mappings from a set of functions to the real numbers. [ a ] Functionals are often expressed as definite integrals involving functions ...
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