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Cubic reciprocity is a collection of theorems in elementary and algebraic number theory that state conditions under which the congruence x 3 ≡ p (mod q) is solvable; the word "reciprocity" comes from the form of the main theorem, which states that if p and q are primary numbers in the ring of Eisenstein integers, both coprime to 3, the congruence x 3 ≡ p (mod q) is solvable if and only if ...
Since the square root symbol represents the unique positive square root, when applied to a positive number, it follows that | | =. This is equivalent to the definition above, and may be used as an alternative definition of the absolute value of real numbers.
A diameter symbol ... root mean square: RMS in general is a statistical technique to define a representative value for a group of data points. With regard to surface ...
The symbol in the formula should be understood as "either of the two elements whose square is b 2 − 4ac, if such elements exist". In some fields, some elements have no square roots and some have two; only zero has just one square root, except in fields of characteristic 2.
Square sign may refer to: The number sign # The radical symbol or √ used for square root, or its precomposed form with a number, such as the Unicode characters for the cube root and the fourth root, ∛ and ∜; Any square-shaped symbol, including many geometrically shaped Unicode characters
The number π (/ p aɪ /; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159.The number π appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics.
L'Algebra by Rafael Bombelli: frontispiece of the Bologna edition of 1579. Rafael Bombelli (baptised on 20 January 1526; died 1572) [a] [1] [2] was an Italian mathematician.Born in Bologna, he is the author of a treatise on algebra and is a central figure in the understanding of imaginary numbers.
The diagonal displays an approximation of the square root of 2 in four sexagesimal figures, 1 24 51 10, which is good to about six decimal digits. 1 + 24/60 + 51/60 2 + 10/60 3 = 1.41421296... The tablet also gives an example where one side of the square is 30, and the resulting diagonal is 42 25 35 or 42.4263888...