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PII proteins exist in trimers in vivo and bind ATP in a cleft between the subunits. There are two flexible loops call the B-loop and T-loop which are involved in regulation of the protein. The T-loop contains a conserved tyrosine which is the site of uridyl attachment. Regulation of bacterial glutamine synthase (GlnA) by uridylylation of P ii ...
In enzymology, a glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase ( EC 2.7.7.27) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and alpha-D- glucose 1-phosphate, whereas its two products are diphosphate and ADP-glucose . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring ...
The two forms of DnaA, the active ATP- and ADP-form are regulated. The ATP-form is converted to the ADP-form through either Regulatory inactivation of DnaA , which in turn consists of the Hda protein and the β sliding clamp and datA-dependent DnaA-ATP hydrolysis. The ADP-form is converted to the ATP-form by DnaA-reactivating sequences 1 and 2 ...
Photosynthesis ( / ˌfoʊtəˈsɪnθəsɪs / FOH-tə-SINTH-ə-sis) [1] is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their activities.
ADP/ATP translocase 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC25A5 gene on the X chromosome. [5] This protein functions as an antiporter for ADP/ ATP exchange between the mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasm. [5] [6] [7] As a result, it plays a key role in maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting apoptosis and has been ...
ADP/ATP translocase 4. ADP/ATP translocase 4 ( ANT4) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SLC25A31 gene on chromosome 4. [5] [6] This enzyme inhibits apoptosis by catalyzing ADP/ATP exchange across the mitochondrial membranes and regulating membrane potential. [6] [7] In particular, ANT4 is essential to spermatogenesis, as it imports ...
An ATP-sensitive potassium channel (or K ATP channel) is a type of potassium channel that is gated by intracellular nucleotides, ATP and ADP. ATP-sensitive potassium channels are composed of K ir 6.x-type subunits and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits, along with additional components. [1] K ATP channels are widely distributed in plasma ...
The imported ATP is vital for the ER to carry out its house keeping cellular functions, such as for protein folding and trafficking. [33] The ER ATP transporter, SLC35B1/AXER, was recently cloned and characterized, [34] and the mitochondria supply ATP to the ER through a Ca 2+ -antagonized transport into the ER ( CaATiER ) mechanism. [35]
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