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In computer security, arbitrary code execution ( ACE) is an attacker's ability to run any commands or code of the attacker's choice on a target machine or in a target process. [1] An arbitrary code execution vulnerability is a security flaw in software or hardware allowing arbitrary code execution. A program that is designed to exploit such a ...
Log4Shell ( CVE-2021-44228) is a zero-day vulnerability in Log4j, a popular Java logging framework, involving arbitrary code execution. [2] [3] The vulnerability had existed unnoticed since 2013 and was privately disclosed to the Apache Software Foundation, of which Log4j is a project, by Chen Zhaojun of Alibaba Cloud 's security team on 24 ...
EternalBlue [5] is computer exploit software developed by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA). [6] It is based on a vulnerability in Microsoft Windows that, at the time, allowed users to gain access to any number of computers connected to a network. The NSA had known about this vulnerability for several years but had not disclosed it to ...
A file inclusion vulnerability is a type of web vulnerability that is most commonly found to affect web applications that rely on a scripting run time. This issue is caused when an application builds a path to executable code using an attacker-controlled variable in a way that allows the attacker to control which file is executed at run time.
In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations. Buffers are areas of memory set aside to hold data, often while moving it from one section of a program to another, or between programs.
Spectre (security vulnerability) Spectre is one of the two original transient execution CPU vulnerabilities (the other being Meltdown ), which involve microarchitectural side-channel attacks. These affect modern microprocessors that perform branch prediction and other forms of speculation.
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Affected software. Linux kernel (<4.8.3) Dirty COW ( Dirty copy-on-write) is a computer security vulnerability of the Linux kernel that affected all Linux-based operating systems, including Android devices, that used older versions of the Linux kernel created before 2018. It is a local privilege escalation bug that exploits a race condition in ...