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In geometry, a spherical polyhedron or spherical tiling is a tiling of the sphere in which the surface is divided or partitioned by great arcs into bounded regions called spherical polygons. Much of the theory of symmetrical polyhedra is most conveniently derived in this way. The most familiar spherical polyhedron is the soccer ball, thought of ...
Preventive diplomacy, in the view of one expert, is "the range of peaceful dispute resolution approaches mentioned in Article 33 of the UN Charter [on the pacific settlement of disputes] when applied before a dispute crosses the threshold to armed conflict." It may take many forms, with different means employed.
A bastion fort or trace italienne (a phrase derived from non-standard French, literally meaning 'Italian outline') is a fortification in a style that evolved during the early modern period of gunpowder when the cannon came to dominate the battlefield. It was first seen in the mid-fifteenth century in Italy. Some types, especially when combined ...
Quaternary: The base-four numeral system with 0, 1, 2, and 3 as digits. Hexadecimal: Base 16, widely used by computer system designers and programmers, as it provides a more human-friendly representation of binary-coded values. Octal: Base 8, occasionally used by computer system designers and programmers.
A regular star polygon is a self-intersecting, equilateral, and equiangular polygon . A regular star polygon is denoted by its Schläfli symbol { p / q }, where p (the number of vertices) and q (the density) are relatively prime (they share no factors) and where q ≥ 2. The density of a polygon can also be called its turning number: the sum of ...
Syneresis crack. [1] Syneresis cracks (also known as subaqueous shrinkage cracks) are a sedimentary structure developed by the shrinkage of sediment without desiccation – not to be confused with desiccation cracks. [2] Syneresis is the expulsion of a liquid from a gel-like substance. Syneresis cracks are formed by the contraction of clay in ...
t. e. The number π ( / paɪ /; spelled out as " pi ") is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle 's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159. The number π appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics.
The conical hull of a finite or infinite set of vectors in is a convex cone. The tangent cones of a convex set are convex cones. The set is a cone but not a convex cone. The norm cone is a convex cone. The intersection of two convex cones in the same vector space is again a convex cone, but their union may fail to be one.