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  2. PL/SQL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/SQL

    PL/SQL refers to a class as an "Abstract Data Type" (ADT) or "User Defined Type" (UDT), and defines it as an Oracle SQL data-type as opposed to a PL/SQL user-defined type, allowing its use in both the Oracle SQL Engine and the Oracle PL/SQL engine. The constructor and methods of an Abstract Data Type are written in PL/SQL.

  3. Oracle machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_machine

    an oracle tape, which is a semi-infinite tape separate from the work tape. The alphabet for the oracle tape may be different from the alphabet for the work tape. an oracle head which, like the read/write head, can move left or right along the oracle tape reading and writing symbols; two special states: the ASK state and the RESPONSE state.

  4. Relational algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_algebra

    Relational algebra. In database theory, relational algebra is a theory that uses algebraic structures for modeling data, and defining queries on it with a well founded semantics. The theory was introduced by Edgar F. Codd . The main application of relational algebra is to provide a theoretical foundation for relational databases, particularly ...

  5. APL syntax and symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APL_syntax_and_symbols

    APL is going to execute from right-to-left. Step 1 {of topmost APL code entered at left}) 4-5 = -1. Step 2) 3 times -1 = -3. Step 3) Take the floor or lower of 2 and -3 = -3. Step 4) Divide 1 by -3 = -0.3333333333 = final result. An operator may have function or data operands and evaluate to a dyadic or monadic function.

  6. Join (SQL) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_(SQL)

    Join (SQL) A Venn diagram representing the full join SQL statement between tables A and B. A join clause in the Structured Query Language ( SQL) combines columns from one or more tables into a new table. The operation corresponds to a join operation in relational algebra. Informally, a join stitches two tables and puts on the same row records ...

  7. Skolem normal form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skolem_normal_form

    The simplest form of Skolemization is for existentially quantified variables that are not inside the scope of a universal quantifier. These may be replaced simply by creating new constants. For example, may be changed to , where is a new constant (does not occur anywhere else in the formula). More generally, Skolemization is performed by ...

  8. First-order logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-order_logic

    First-order logic —also known as predicate logic, quantificational logic, and first-order predicate calculus —is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. First-order logic uses quantified variables over non-logical objects, and allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so ...

  9. Quantum algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_algorithm

    Quantum algorithm. In quantum computing, a quantum algorithm is an algorithm that runs on a realistic model of quantum computation, the most commonly used model being the quantum circuit model of computation. [1] [2] A classical (or non-quantum) algorithm is a finite sequence of instructions, or a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem ...