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  2. Term logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term_logic

    Term logic. In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to formal logic that began with Aristotle and was developed further in ancient history mostly by his followers, the Peripatetics.

  3. Classical logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_logic

    History. Classical logic is a 19th and 20th-century innovation. The name does not refer to classical antiquity, which used the term logic of Aristotle. Classical logic was the reconciliation of Aristotle's logic, which dominated most of the last 2000 years, with the propositional Stoic logic. The two were sometimes seen as irreconcilable.

  4. Four causes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_causes

    Four causes. Aristotle 's Four Causes illustrated for a table: material (wood), formal (structure), efficient (carpentry), final (dining). The four causes or four explanations are, in Aristotelian thought, four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?" in analysis of change or movement in nature: the material, the formal, the efficient ...

  5. Prior Analytics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prior_Analytics

    Prior Analytics. The Prior Analytics ( Greek: Ἀναλυτικὰ Πρότερα; Latin: Analytica Priora) is a work by Aristotle on reasoning, known as syllogistic, composed around 350 BCE. [1] Being one of the six extant Aristotelian writings on logic and scientific method, it is part of what later Peripatetics called the Organon.

  6. Aristotelianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelianism

    Aristotelianism. Aristotelianism ( / ˌærɪstəˈtiːliənɪzəm / ARR-i-stə-TEE-lee-ə-niz-əm) is a philosophical tradition inspired by the work of Aristotle, usually characterized by deductive logic and an analytic inductive method in the study of natural philosophy and metaphysics. It covers the treatment of the social sciences under a ...

  7. Syllogism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllogism

    Syllogism. A syllogism ( Greek: συλλογισμός, syllogismos, 'conclusion, inference') is a kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusion based on two propositions that are asserted or assumed to be true. "Socrates" at the Louvre.

  8. Organon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organon

    Organon. The Organon ( Ancient Greek: Ὄργανον, meaning "instrument, tool, organ") is the standard collection of Aristotle 's six works on logical analysis and dialectic. The name Organon was given by Aristotle's followers, the Peripatetics, who maintained against the Stoics that Logic was "an instrument" of Philosophy. [1]

  9. Philosophy of logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_logic

    Philosophy of logic is the area of philosophy that studies the scope and nature of logic. It investigates the philosophical problems raised by logic, such as the presuppositions often implicitly at work in theories of logic and in their application. This involves questions about how logic is to be defined and how different logical systems are ...

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