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John Austin (3 March 1790 – 1 December 1859) was an English legal theorist who posthumously influenced British and American law with an analytical approach to jurisprudence and a theory of legal positivism. [1] Austin opposed traditional approaches of "natural law", arguing against any need for connections between law and morality.
Austin believed that positive law was the appropriate focus of study for jurisprudence. He states that: 'Every positive law, or every law simply and strictly so called, is set, directly or circuitously, by a sovereign person or body, to a member or members of the independent political society wherein that person or body is supreme.'
The Concept of Law is a 1961 book by the legal philosopher H. L. A. Hart and his most famous work. [1] The Concept of Law presents Hart's theory of legal positivism—the view that laws are rules made by humans and that there is no inherent or necessary connection between law and morality—within the framework of analytic philosophy.
Performativity is the concept that language can function as a form of social action and have the effect of change. [1] The concept has multiple applications in diverse fields such as anthropology, social and cultural geography, economics, gender studies (social construction of gender), law, linguistics, performance studies, history, management studies and philosophy.
Strawson was born in Ealing, west London, and brought up in Finchley, north London, by his parents, both of whom were teachers. [7] He was educated at Christ's College, Finchley, followed by St John's College, Oxford, where he read Philosophy, Politics and Economics.
The entrance to the T.R.S. Building on Red River Street in Austin. Teacher Retirement System of Texas (TRS) is a public pension plan of the State of Texas.Established in 1937, TRS provides retirement and related benefits for those employed by the public schools, colleges, and universities supported by the State of Texas and manages a $180 billion trust fund established to finance member benefits.
Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a global, peer-led mutual-aid fellowship founded in the United States supporting abstinence-based recovery from alcoholism through its spiritually inclined twelve-step program. [1] AA’s Twelve Traditions, besides stressing anonymity and the lack of a governing hierarchy, establish AA as free ...
The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU; French: Union Interparlementaire, UIP) is an international organization of national parliaments. Its primary purpose is to promote democratic governance, accountability, and cooperation among its members; other initiatives include advancing gender parity among legislatures, empowering youth participation in politics, and sustainable development.