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  2. René Descartes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/René_Descartes

    René Descartes ( / deɪˈkɑːrt / day-KART or UK: / ˈdeɪkɑːrt / DAY-kart; French: [ʁəne dekaʁt] ⓘ; Latinized: Renatus Cartesius; [note 3] [11] 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) [12] [13] [14] : 58 was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and ...

  3. The World (book) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_World_(book)

    The World, also called Treatise on the Light ( French title: Traité du monde et de la lumière ), is a book by René Descartes (1596–1650). Written between 1629 and 1633, it contains a nearly complete version of his philosophy, from method, to metaphysics, to physics and biology . Descartes espoused mechanical philosophy, a form of natural ...

  4. Quantum mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics

    Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms. [2] : 1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science . Quantum mechanics can describe many systems that ...

  5. Cartesianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesianism

    Catholic philosophy. Cartesianism is the philosophical and scientific system of René Descartes and its subsequent development by other seventeenth century thinkers, most notably François Poullain de la Barre, Nicolas Malebranche and Baruch Spinoza. [1] Descartes is often regarded as the first thinker to emphasize the use of reason to develop ...

  6. Snell's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell's_law

    Snell's law (also known as the Snell–Descartes law, and the law of refraction) is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water, glass, or air.

  7. Vortex theory of the atom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_theory_of_the_atom

    The vortex theory of the atom was a 19th-century attempt by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) to explain why the atoms recently discovered by chemists came in only relatively few varieties but in very great numbers of each kind. Based on the idea of stable, knotted vortices in the ether or aether, it contributed an important mathematical legacy.

  8. Descartes' theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descartes'_theorem

    In geometry, Descartes' theorem states that for every four kissing, or mutually tangent, circles, the radii of the circles satisfy a certain quadratic equation. By solving this equation, one can construct a fourth circle tangent to three given, mutually tangent circles. The theorem is named after René Descartes, who stated it in 1643.

  9. Introduction to quantum mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_quantum...

    e. Quantum mechanics is the study of matter and its interactions with energy on the scale of atomic and subatomic particles. By contrast, classical physics explains matter and energy only on a scale familiar to human experience, including the behavior of astronomical bodies such as the moon. Classical physics is still used in much of modern ...