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2. Optics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics

   Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. [1] Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation, and other forms of ...

3. Radiology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiology

   A radiologist interpreting magnetic resonance imaging. Dr. Macintyre's X-Ray Film (1896) Radiology ( / ˌreɪdɪˈɒlədʒi / rey-dee-ol-uh-jee) is the medical specialty that uses medical imaging to diagnose diseases and guide their treatment, within the bodies of humans and other animals. It began with radiography (which is why its name has a ...

4. Light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light

   Light, visible light, or visible radiation is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye. [1] Visible light spans the visible spectrum and is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nanometres (nm), corresponding to frequencies of 750–420 terahertz. The visible band sits adjacent to the infrared ...

5. Ray (optics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_(optics)

   Rays and wavefronts. In optics, a ray is an idealized geometrical model of light or other electromagnetic radiation, obtained by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual light, and that points in the direction of energy flow. [1] [2] Rays are used to model the propagation of light through an optical system, by ...

6. Laser - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser

   This gives rise to the science of spectroscopy, which allows materials to be determined through the specific wavelengths that they emit. The underlying physical process creating photons in a laser is the same as in thermal radiation, but the actual emission is not the result of random thermal processes.

7. Geometrical optics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical_optics

   Geometrical optics, or ray optics, is a model of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays. The ray in geometrical optics is an abstraction useful for approximating the paths along which light propagates under certain circumstances. The simplifying assumptions of geometrical optics include that light rays: propagate in straight ...

8. Electromagnetic spectrum - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum

   The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high frequency these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and ...

9. Radiography - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiography

   Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object. Applications of radiography include medical ("diagnostic" radiography and "therapeutic") and industrial radiography. Similar techniques are used in airport security, (where "body scanners ...