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Transylvania (Romanian: Transilvania or Ardeal; Hungarian: Erdély; German: Siebenbürgen or Transsilvanien, historically Überwald, also Siweberjen in the Transylvanian Saxon dialect) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains and to ...
Transylvania is a historical region in central and northwestern Romania.It was under the rule of the Agathyrsi, part of the Dacian Kingdom (168 BC–106 AD), Roman Dacia (106–271), the Goths, the Hunnic Empire (4th–5th centuries), the Kingdom of the Gepids (5th–6th centuries), the Avar Khaganate (6th–9th centuries), the Slavs, and the 9th century First Bulgarian Empire.
The Medieval Latin form Ultrasylvania (1077), later Transylvania (from another point of view after the foundation of Hungary in 895), was a direct translation from the Hungarian form. [10] In Ukrainian and German, the names Zalissia (Ukrainian: Залісся) and Überwald, both meaning "beyond the forest" are also used.
The flag and coat of arms of Transylvania were granted by Maria Theresa in 1765, when she established a Grand Principality within the Habsburg monarchy. While neither symbol has official status in present-day Romania, the coat of arms is marshalled within the national Romanian arms; it was also for decades a component of the Hungarian arms.
Überwald, a fictional region in Terry Pratchett 's Discworld series, is partly based on Transylvania, its populace including vampires, werewolves, dwarves, trolls, orcs, mad scientists and Igors. The name, meaning "across the forest," is a literal translation of "Transylvania" from Latin into German. The Historian, a novel by Elizabeth Kostova.
The Principality of Transylvania (Hungarian: Erdélyi Fejedelemség; Latin: Principatus Transsilvaniae; German: Fürstentum Siebenbürgen; Romanian: Principatul Transilvaniei / Principatul Ardealului; Turkish: Erdel Voyvodalığı / Transilvanya Prensliği) was a semi-independent state ruled primarily by Hungarian princes. [5][6][7][8][9][10 ...
The Voivode of Transylvania (German: Vojwode von Siebenbürgen; [1] Hungarian: erdélyi vajda; [1] [2] Latin: voivoda Transsylvaniae; [1] [2] Romanian: voievodul Transilvaniei) [3] was the highest-ranking official in Transylvania within the Kingdom of Hungary from the 12th century to the 16th century. Appointed by the monarchs, the voivodes ...
Ancient history of Transylvania. Roman Dacia selection from Tabula Peutingeriana. In ancient times, Romans exploited the gold mines in what is now Transylvania extensively, building access roads and forts to protect them, like Abrud. The region developed a strong infrastructure and economy, based on agriculture, cattle farming and mining.