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  2. Critique of Judgment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_Judgment

    Thus the former principle is an objective proposition for the determinant Judgment, the latter merely a subjective proposition for the reflective Judgment, i.e. a maxim which Reason prescribes to it. [1] The agreeable is a purely sensory judgment — judgments in the form of "This steak is good," or "This chair is soft."

  3. Subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjectivity_and...

    The root of the words subjectivity and objectivity are subject and object, philosophical terms that mean, respectively, an observer and a thing being observed. The word subjectivity comes from subject in a philosophical sense, meaning an individual who possesses unique conscious experiences, such as perspectives, feelings, beliefs, and desires ...

  4. Subjectivism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjectivism

    Subjectivism. Subjectivism is the doctrine that "our own mental activity is the only unquestionable fact of our experience", [1] instead of shared or communal, and that there is no external or objective truth. While Thomas Hobbes was an early proponent of subjectivism, [2][3] the success of this position is historically attributed to Descartes ...

  5. Pure play - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pure_play

    Pure play method. In finance, the "pure play method" is an approach used to estimate the cost of equity capital of private companies, which involves examining the beta coefficient of other public and single focused companies. [2] See also Hamada's equation. Here, when estimating a private company A's equity beta coefficient, the equity beta ...

  6. Transcendental idealism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_idealism

    Transcendental idealism is a philosophical system [1] founded by German philosopher Immanuel Kant in the 18th century. Kant's epistemological program [2] is found throughout his Critique of Pure Reason (1781). By transcendental (a term that deserves special clarification [3]) Kant means that his philosophical approach to knowledge transcends ...

  7. Critique of Pure Reason - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_Pure_Reason

    Category • Philosophy portal. The Critique of Pure Reason (German: Kritik der reinen Vernunft; 1781; second edition 1787) is a book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, in which the author seeks to determine the limits and scope of metaphysics. Also referred to as Kant's "First Critique", it was followed by his Critique of Practical ...

  8. Hard problem of consciousness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_problem_of_consciousness

    Hard problem of consciousness. In the philosophy of mind, the hard problem of consciousness is to explain why and how humans and other organisms have qualia, phenomenal consciousness, or subjective experience. [1][2] It is contrasted with the "easy problems" of explaining why and how physical systems give a (healthy) human being the ability to ...

  9. Ideal type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_type

    Ideal type (German: Idealtypus), also known as pure type, is a typological term most closely associated with the sociologist Max Weber (1864–1920). [1] For Weber, the conduct of social science depends upon the construction of abstract, hypothetical concepts. The "ideal type" is therefore a subjective element in social theory and research, and ...