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An application-level gateway (ALG, also known as application-layer gateway, application gateway, application proxy, or application-level proxy) is a security component that augments a firewall or NAT employed in a mobile network. [1][2] It allows customized NAT traversal filters to be plugged into the gateway to support address and port ...
Skype. The Skype protocol is a proprietary Internet telephony network used by Skype. The protocol's specifications have not been made publicly available by Skype and official applications using the protocol are closed-source. The Skype network is not interoperable with most other Voice over IP (VoIP) networks without proper licensing from Skype.
Session Initiation Protocol. The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol used for initiating, maintaining, and terminating communication sessions that include voice, video and messaging applications. [1] SIP is used in Internet telephony, in private IP telephone systems, as well as mobile phone calling over LTE (VoLTE).
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t. e. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to establish multicast group memberships. IGMP is an integral part of IP multicast and allows the network to direct multicast transmissions only to hosts that have requested them.
1xx—Provisional Responses. 100 Trying. Extended search being performed may take a significant time so a forking proxy must send a 100 Trying response. [1]: §21.1.1. 180 Ringing. Destination user agent received INVITE, and is alerting user of call. [1]: §21.1.2. 181 Call is Being Forwarded.
Session border controller. A session border controller (SBC) is a network element deployed to protect SIP based voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) networks. Early deployments of SBCs were focused on the borders between two service provider networks in a peering environment. This role has now expanded to include significant deployments between ...
Application Layer Gateway (ALG) software or hardware may correct these problems. An ALG software module running on a NAT firewall device updates any payload data made invalid by address translation. ALGs need to understand the higher-layer protocol that they need to fix, and so each protocol with this problem requires a separate ALG.