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Descartes' rule of signs. In mathematics, Descartes' rule of signs, first described by René Descartes in his work La Géométrie, is a technique for getting information on the number of positive real roots of a polynomial. It asserts that the number of positive roots is at most the number of sign changes in the sequence of polynomial's ...
La Géométrie. The work was the first to propose the idea of uniting algebra and geometry into a single subject [2] and invented an algebraic geometry called analytic geometry, which involves reducing geometry to a form of arithmetic and algebra and translating geometric shapes into algebraic equations. For its time this was ground-breaking.
Descartes' rule of signs and its generalizations. Descartes' rule of signs asserts that the difference between the number of sign variations in the sequence of the coefficients of a polynomial and the number of its positive real roots is a nonnegative even integer. It results that if this number of sign variations is zero, then the polynomial ...
René Descartes ( / deɪˈkɑːrt / day-KART or UK: / ˈdeɪkɑːrt / DAY-kart; French: [ʁəne dekaʁt] ⓘ; [note 3] [11] 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) [12] [13] [14] : 58 was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science. Mathematics was ...
Descartes' rule of signs – Link between the number of positive roots of a polynomial and the signs of its coefficients; Marden's theorem – On zeros of derivatives of cubic polynomials; Newton's identities – Relations between power sums and elementary symmetric functions; Quadratic function#Upper bound on the magnitude of the roots
1) has exactly 0 or 1 sign variations . The second case is possible if and only if p (x) has a single root within (a , b). The Alesina–Galuzzi "a_b roots test" From equation (1) the following criterion is obtained for determining whether a polynomial has any roots in the interval (a , b): Perform on p (x) the substitution x ← a + b x 1 + x {\displaystyle x\leftarrow {\frac {a+bx}{1+x ...
An imaginary number is the product of a real number and the imaginary unit i, [note 1] which is defined by its property i2 = −1. [1] [2] The square of an imaginary number bi is −b2. For example, 5i is an imaginary number, and its square is −25. The number zero is considered to be both real and imaginary. [3]
Cartesian circle. The Cartesian circle (also known as Arnauld 's circle [1]) is an example of fallacious circular reasoning attributed to French philosopher René Descartes. He argued that the existence of God is proven by reliable perception, which is itself guaranteed by God.