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The deposition of Sihanouk by the Cambodian National Assembly in March 1970, following wide scale protests in the capital against the presence of PAVN troops in the country, put a pro-American government in power (later declared the Khmer Republic) which demanded that the PAVN leave Cambodia.
The Khmer Rouge ( / kəˌmɛər ˈruːʒ /; French: [kmɛʁ ʁuʒ]; Khmer: ខ្មែរក្រហម, Khmêr Krâhâm [kʰmae krɑːhɑːm]; lit. ' Red Khmer ') is the name that was popularly given to members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) and by extension to the regime through which the CPK ruled Cambodia between 1975 and 1979. The name was coined in the 1960s by then Chief of ...
The Khmer Republic ( Khmer: សាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរ, Sathéarônârôdth Khmêr; French: République khmère) was a Cambodian state under the United States -backed military dictatorship of Marshal Lon Nol from 1970 to 1975.
The Cambodian genocide [a] was the systematic persecution and killing of Cambodian citizens [b] by the Khmer Rouge under the leadership of Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea, Pol Pot. It resulted in the deaths of 1.5 to 2 million people from 1975 to 1979, nearly 25% of Cambodia's population in 1975 ( c. 7.8 million).
The Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–70), independent since 1953, struggled to remain neutral in a world shaped by polarisation of the nuclear powers USA and Soviet Union. [25] As the Indochinese war escalated, and Cambodia became increasingly involved, [26] the Khmer Republic resulted in 1970.
A comprehensive assessment of the Khmer Republic 's armed forces revealed serious shortcomings, such as the "lack of combat experience, equipment deficiencies,...lack of mobility" and "incompetent and corrupt officers".
The Communist Party of Kampuchea ( CPK ), [a] also known as the Khmer Communist Party, [5] was a communist party in Cambodia. Its leader was Pol Pot, and its members were generally known as the Khmer Rouge (Red Khmer). Originally founded in 1951, the party was split into pro- Chinese and pro- Soviet factions as a result of the Sino–Soviet ...
Emergency powers were subsequently invoked by the Prime Minister Lon Nol, who became effective head of state, and led ultimately to the removal of Queen Sisowath Kossamak and the proclamation of the Khmer Republic later that year. It is generally seen as a turning point in the Cambodian Civil War.