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These are lists of Indian states and union territories by their nominal gross state domestic product (GSDP). GSDP is the sum of all value added by industries within each state or union territory and serves as a counterpart to the national gross domestic product (GDP).
In financial mathematics and economics, the Fisher equation expresses the relationship between nominal interest rates, real interest rates, and inflation.Named after Irving Fisher, an American economist, it can be expressed as real interest rate ≈ nominal interest rate − inflation rate.
Among the largest and most reputed universities, which host an economics department and develop research on this area, are the University of Lisbon (through its ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management), the ISCTE – Lisbon University Institute, the Portuguese Catholic University (through their Católica Lisbon School of Business and ...
The Bulgarian economy has experienced significant growth (538%), starting from $13.15 billion (nominal, 2000) [29] and reaching estimated gross domestic product (GDP) of $86 billion (nominal, 2022 est.) [29] or $203 billion (PPP, 2022 est.), GDP per capita of $31,148 (PPP, 2022 est.), [30] average gross monthly salary of 2,009 leva (1,027 euro ...
The budget deficit at the end of August 2011 reached about 2% of GDP, and fiscal authorities seemed committed to keeping it under the projected target of 2.5% of GDP by the end of the year. In addition to 220 million euros (approx. $298 million) drawn from an IMF Precautionary Credit Line (PCL) in March, financing mostly came from domestic ...
Real income is the income of individuals or nations after adjusting for inflation.It is calculated by dividing nominal income by the price level. Real variables such as real income and real GDP are variables that are measured in physical units, while nominal variables such as nominal income and nominal GDP are measured in monetary units.
Mathematically, the LM curve is defined by the equation / = (,), where the supply of money is represented as the real amount M/P (as opposed to the nominal amount M), with P representing the price level, and L being the real demand for money, which is some function of the interest rate and the level of real income. An increase in GDP shifts the ...
In this example of a traditional IS–LM chart, the IS curve moves to the right, causing higher interest rates (i) and expansion in the "real" economy (real GDP, or Y). The IS–LM model, invented by John Hicks in 1936, gives the underpinnings of aggregate demand (itself discussed below).
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