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Āstika is a Sanskrit adjective and noun that derives from asti ('there is or exists'), [13] meaning 'knowing that which exists' or ' pious .'. [16] The word Nāstika ( na, not, + āstika) is its negative. One of the traditional etymologies of the term āstika —based on Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī 4.4.60 (" astināstidiṣṭam matiḥ ...
Hindu philosophy or Vedic philosophy is the set of Indian philosophical systems that developed in tandem with the religion of Hinduism during the iron and classical ages of India. In Indian tradition, the word used for philosophy is Darshana ( Sanskrit: दर्शन; meaning: "viewpoint or perspective"), from the Sanskrit root 'दृश ...
Indian philosophy consists of philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent. The philosophies are often called darśana meaning, "to see" or "looking at." [2] [3] Ānvīkṣikī means “critical inquiry” or “investigation." Unlike darśana, ānvīkṣikī was used to refer to Indian philosophies by classical Indian philosophers, such ...
Vaisheshika ( IAST: Vaiśeṣika; / vaɪˈʃɛʃɪkə /; Sanskrit: वैशेषिक) is one of the six schools of Hindu philosophy from ancient India. In its early stages, the Vaiśeṣika was an independent philosophy with its own metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, and soteriology. [1] Over time, the Vaiśeṣika system became ...
Vidya ( Sanskrit: विद्या, IAST: vidyā) figures prominently in all texts pertaining to Indian philosophy – meaning science, learning, knowledge, and scholarship. Most importantly, it refers to valid knowledge, which cannot be contradicted, and true knowledge, which is the intuitively -gained knowledge of the self.
v. t. e. Philosophy ( φιλοσοφία, 'love of wisdom', in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its own methods and assumptions. Historically, many of the individual ...
Samkhya or Sankhya ( / ˈsɑːŋkjə /; Sanskrit: सांख्य, romanized : sāṃkhya) is a dualistic orthodox school of Hindu philosophy. [1] [2] [3] It views reality as composed of two independent principles, Puruṣa (' consciousness ' or spirit) and Prakṛti (nature or matter, including the human mind and emotions). [4] Puruṣa is ...
v. t. e. Vaiśeṣika Sūtra ( Sanskrit: वैशेषिक सूत्र), also called Kanada sutra, is an ancient Sanskrit text at the foundation of the Vaisheshika school of Hindu philosophy. [1] [2] [3] The sutra was authored by the Hindu sage Kanada, also known as Kashyapa. [4] [5] According to some scholars, he flourished before the ...