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The Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota, the largest mall in the United States. The interior of Garden State Plaza megamall in Paramus, Bergen County, New Jersey, the borough with the world's highest concentration of shopping malls. A shopping mall (or simply mall) is a large indoor shopping center, usually anchored by department stores.
F+A Architects is an architectural firm based in Pasadena, California, and was founded in 1973. It works primarily in the planning and design development of retail stores and shopping malls. [1] Many of the firm's projects are designed and built in North America, but F+A has also worked on large international projects, most notably in Dubai UAE ...
Arcade (architecture) An arcade is a succession of contiguous arches, with each arch supported by a colonnade of columns or piers. Exterior arcades are designed to provide a sheltered walkway for pedestrians; they include many loggias, but here arches are not an essential element. An arcade may feature arches on both sides of the walkway.
Victor Gruen. Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum [1] (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-American architect best known as a pioneer in the design of shopping malls in the United States. [2] He is also noted for his urban revitalization proposals, described in his writings and applied in master plans such as for ...
In the first quarter of 2012 shopping mall private investment hit an all-time low under 0.1 percent. United Kingdom. In the UK, Chrisp Street Market was the first pedestrian shopping area built with a road at the shop fronts. The first mall-type shopping precinct in Great Britain was built in Birmingham's city centre.
Ballston Quarter in Arlington, Virginia, part of the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area, is transit-oriented, mixed-use and densified, giving a "downtown" feel in an edge city. Mixed use is a type of urban development, urban design, urban planning and/or a zoning classification that blends multiple uses, such as residential, commercial ...
Shopping mall in Warsaw, Poland. In the post-war period, an American architect, Victor Gruen developed a concept for a shopping mall; a planned, self-contained shopping complex complete with an indoor plaza, statues, planting schemes, piped music, and car parking. Gruen's vision was to create a shopping atmosphere where people felt so ...
Contemporary architecture is the architecture of the 21st century. No single style is dominant. [1] Contemporary architects work in several different styles, from postmodernism, high-tech architecture and new references and interpretations of traditional architecture [2] [3] to highly conceptual forms and designs, resembling sculpture on an ...