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A shopping mall (or simply mall) is a large indoor shopping center, usually anchored by department stores. The term mall originally meant a pedestrian promenade with shops along it, but in the late 1960s, it began to be used as a generic term for the large enclosed shopping centers that were becoming increasingly commonplace.
Shopping arcades were the precursor to the modern shopping mall. The original Toad Lane Store, Rochdale, Manchester; one of Britain's earliest co-operative stores. While the arcades were the province of the bourgeoisie, a new type of retail venture emerged to serve the needs of the working poor.
Victor Gruen. Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum [1] (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-American architect best known as a pioneer in the design of shopping malls in the United States. [2] He is also noted for his urban revitalization proposals, described in his writings and applied in master plans such as for ...
In the first quarter of 2012 shopping mall private investment hit an all-time low under 0.1 percent. United Kingdom. In the UK, Chrisp Street Market was the first pedestrian shopping area built with a road at the shop fronts. The first mall-type shopping precinct in Great Britain was built in Birmingham's city centre.
A shopping cart held by a woman, containing bags and food. A shopping cart (American English), trolley (British English, Australian English), or buggy (Southern American English, Appalachian English), also known by a variety of other names, is a wheeled cart supplied by a shop or store, especially supermarkets, for use by customers inside the premises for transport of merchandise as they move ...
A department store is a retail establishment offering a wide range of consumer goods in different areas of the store, each area ("department") specializing in a product category. In modern major cities, the department store made a dramatic appearance in the middle of the 19th century, and permanently reshaped shopping habits, and the definition ...
By 1930, both chains were already operating multiple 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m 2) self-service grocery stores. However, as of 1930, both chains were not yet true supermarkets in the modern sense because their prices remained quite high; one of the most important defining features of the supermarket is cheap food.
Interior of a Japanese 7-Eleven convenience store A typical bodega in New York City. A convenience store, convenience shop, bodega, corner store or corner shop is a small retail store that stocks a range of everyday items such as tea, coffee, groceries, fruits, vegetables, snacks, confectionery, soft drinks, ice creams, tobacco products, lottery tickets, over-the-counter drugs, toiletries ...