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  2. Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux

    A Linux-based system is a modular Unix-like operating system, deriving much of its basic design from principles established in Unix during the 1970s and 1980s. Such a system uses a monolithic kernel, the Linux kernel, which handles process control, networking, access to the peripherals, and file systems.

  3. Network operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_operating_system

    A network operating system (NOS) is a specialized operating system for a network device such as a router, switch or firewall.. Historically operating systems with networking capabilities were described as network operating systems, because they allowed personal computers (PCs) to participate in computer networks and shared file and printer access within a local area network (LAN).

  4. Operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system

    An operating system ( OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs . Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and ...

  5. History of Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux

    After AT&T had dropped out of the Multics project, the Unix operating system was conceived and implemented by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie (both of AT&T Bell Laboratories) in 1969 and first released in 1970. Later they rewrote it in a new programming language, C, to make it portable.

  6. Computer network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network

    Use. Computer networks extend interpersonal communications by electronic means with various technologies, such as email, instant messaging, online chat, voice and video telephone calls, and video conferencing. A network allows sharing of network and computing resources.

  7. Glossary of operating systems terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_operating...

    B. binary semaphore: See semaphore. booting: In computing, booting (also known as booting up) is the initial set of operations that a computer performs after electrical power is switched on or when the computer is reset. This can take tens of seconds and typically involves performing a power-on self-test, locating and initializing peripheral ...

  8. Linux kernel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel

    The Linux kernel is a free and open-source, [12] : 4 UNIX-like kernel that is used in many computer systems worldwide. The kernel was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and soon after was adopted as the kernel for the GNU operating system (OS) which was created to be a free replacement for Unix .

  9. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

    A multikernel operating system treats a multi-core machine as a network of independent cores, as if it were a distributed system. It does not assume shared memory but rather implements inter-process communications as message passing. Barrelfish was the first operating system to be described as a multikernel. History of kernel development