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Canada. / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667. Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's second-largest country by total area, with the world's longest coastline.
The history of Canada covers the period from the arrival of the Paleo-Indians to North America thousands of years ago to the present day. The lands encompassing present-day Canada have been inhabited for millennia by Indigenous peoples, with distinct trade networks, spiritual beliefs, and styles of social organization.
It is a sparsely inhabited country of 40 million people, the vast majority residing south of the 55th parallel in urban areas. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver . Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy in the Westminster tradition.
Canada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America — New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec ...
Canada has a vast geography that occupies much of the continent of North America, sharing a land border with the contiguous United States to the south and the U.S. state of Alaska to the northwest. Canada stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west; to the north lies the Arctic Ocean. [1]
Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897. [47] This count was lower than the official 1 July 2006 population estimate of 32,623,490 people. [47] Ninety per cent of the population growth between 2001 and 2006 was concentrated in the main metropolitan areas. [48]
The Government of Canada ( French: Gouvernement du Canada) is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. The term Government of Canada refers specifically to the executive, which includes ministers of the Crown (together in the Cabinet) and the federal civil service (whom the Cabinet direct); it is alternatively known as His ...
15–24.9 people/km 2. 10–14.9 people/km 2. 5–9.9 people/km 2. 1–4.9 people/km 2. <1 people/km 2. The 2021 Canadian census had a total population count of 36,991,981 individuals, making up approximately 0.5% of the world's total population. [5] [20] A population estimate for 2024 put the total number of people in Canada at 40,769,890.